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Table 2 Symptom, function, health, and QOL impact of PCS

From: A patient-centered view of symptoms, functional impact, and priorities in post-COVID-19 syndrome: cross-sectional results from the Québec Action Post-COVID cohort

Symptom [Norm]

N or Mean [Median]

% or SD

Model

Fatigue

 Severitya (VAS 0 −100 worst)

64.9 [70]

24.6

Quantile

 Post-exertional malaise (PEM)a

  

Logistic

  Men

90

74.4%

 

  Women

350

86.0%

 

Need to rest during the daya

 No

51

9.3

Referent

 1 + times during the day

297

54.1

Ordinal

 Most of the day

201

36.6

Ordinal

Sleepa (VAS 0 −100 worst)

49.8 [51.0]

29.7

Quantile

Distress

 Severity (VAS 0 – 100 worst)

  

Quantile

 PTSD (≥ 3/5 symptoms)

131

25.1

Logistic

Shortness of breath (SOB)

 Severity (VAS 0 – 100 worst)

36.1 [31]

28.8

Quantile

 Breathlessness

  SOB walking 100 m on level ground

89

16.2%

Logistic

  SOB dressing / can’t leave house

32

5.8%

Logistic

Reduced Olfaction

 Peanut butter

78

14.8%

 

 Vinegar

77

14.8%

 

Prescribed medication for PCS symptoms

200

37.4

Logistic

Lonely sometimes or often [10.4%]

325

60.1

Logistic

Irritable often to always

112

21.0

Logistic

Cognition:C3Q (0–100 best) [81]

43.0 [38.9]

26.0

Linear

Most prevalent symptoms of concentration loss

 Too many thoughts in my head

327

60.1

 

 Can’t pay attention to two things at a time

315

57.9

 

 Can’t do complex tasks

291

53.5

 

 Can’t reading more than a few pages

275

50.6

 

 Can’t pay attention to verbal instructions

254

46.7

 

Most prevalent memory symptoms

 Forgot what I was about to do

316

58.1

 

 Forgot if what I have just read

248

45.6

 

 Forgot tasks or activities I need to do

232

42.7

 

 Forgot what I have already done something

210

38.6

 

 Forgot what I was supposed to buy at the store

209

38.4

 
  1. Norms for C3Q are from Askari et al. [34]
  2. Population rate of loneliness are from Statistics Canada [35]
  3. aage effect: older adults had lower symptom burden