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Table 3 Methods employed by included studies

From: Atypical causes of respiratory virus infections in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2013– 2023: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors

(first author)

Year

Country

Diagnostic Methods

Kelly et al. [26]

2015

Botswana

Real-time multiplex PCR (for RSV, influenza A & B, parainfluenza 1–3, hMPV, adenovirus) and uniplex PCR (for enterovirus/rhinovirus).

Fall et al. [27]

2016

Senegal

Real-time (qRT-PCR) (real-time PCR and cell culture)

Dia et al. [28]

2014

Senegal

Real-time (qRT-PCR) (two-step real-time RT-PCR)

Ekaza et al. [29]

2014

Côte D’ivoire

Conventional RT-PCR

Breiman et al. [30]

2015

Kenya

real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR)

Loevinsohn [31]

2022

Zambia

Commercial Multiplex Panels (FilmArray Respiratory Panel EZ ePlex Respiratory Pathogen Panel 2)

  1. * Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)