Fig. 5

Decision curve analysis of the prediction nomogram. Notes: Decision curve analysis of the nomogram prediction in the training set (a), internal validation set (b), and external test set (c). The vertical axis represents the net benefit, while the horizontal axis denotes the threshold probability. The black horizontal line corresponds to the “treat none” strategy, assuming no patients receive intervention. The gray slanted line corresponds to the “treat all” strategy, assuming all patients are predicted to be positive and thus receive intervention. The farther the decision curve is above these two reference lines, the greater the net clinical benefit of the model. IFD, invasive fungal disease; SOT, solid organ transplant; CHD, chronic heart disease; Comorbidities, one or more comorbidities